Introduction and classification of automatic weather stations

Automatic weather station is mainly composed of meteorological sensor, microcomputer meteorological data acquisition instrument, power supply system, radiation shield and so on. It is a ground observation device that can actively observe and transmit the information of air pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, wind speed, rainfall and other conventional meteorological elements, carry out ground meteorological observation, store and transmit observation data, and can convert observation data into meteorological telegrams to prepare meteorological reports as required.

Automatic weather station refers to the weather station established in a certain area according to needs, which can automatically detect multiple elements, automatically generate messages, and regularly transmit detection data to the central station without manual intervention. It is an important means to fill the gap of meteorological data in space field. Automatic weather stations are used to monitor many meteorological factors such as wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, temperature, air humidity, luminosity, soil temperature, soil moisture, evaporation, and atmospheric pressure.

It can be connected to the computer by professionals who support the data acquisition communication line and send the data to the meteorological database of the meteorological computer for statistical analysis and processing. It is composed of meteorological sensor, microcomputer meteorological data acquisition instrument, power supply system, anti-radiation ventilation hood, all-weather protection box, meteorological observation bracket and communication module. It can be connected with the computer through the professional data acquisition communication line, and the data can be transmitted to the meteorological database of the meteorological computer for statistical analysis and processing.

The simplest classification of automatic weather stations can be "simply divided into two types of automatic weather stations that provide real-time data", namely real-time automatic weather stations and non-real-time automatic weather stations.

In recent years, due to the increase in demand, there are more and more types of automatic weather stations. According to different characteristics can be divided into several categories:

Data reception: wired telemetry automatic weather station, wireless telemetry weather station, long-term automatic weather station......

Usage/Application field: meteorological station, agricultural weather station, microclimate automatic weather station, traffic weather station......

Observation factor scale: single-element automatic weather station, four-element automatic weather station, multi-element automatic weather station...