Types of Weather Monitoring Equipment and Their Applications

Weather monitoring equipment includes the following:

Ultrasonic weather stations measure meteorological elements by utilizing the characteristic that the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the air is related to wind direction and speed. They can also measure temperature, humidity, air pressure, etc. By transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, they calculate wind speed and direction. They are widely used in the fields of meteorological observation and environmental monitoring and can provide data for urban air quality models. They play a significant role in scientific research and observations with high precision requirements.

Mechanical weather stations contain various meteorological instruments based on mechanical principles. For example, a three-cup anemometer measures wind speed by the rotation of wind cups, and a wind vane measures wind direction. A tipping bucket rain gauge calculates precipitation by the number of times the tipping bucket flips. They play an important role in the early stage of the construction of meteorological station networks and in remote areas.

Campus weather stations are comprehensive small-scale observation systems that integrate multiple devices such as thermometers and hygrometers. They transmit data through data collectors and are used for meteorological science popularization education in schools and campus environmental monitoring. They are convenient for students to participate in learning and provide a basis for decisions regarding campus activities and greening irrigation.

Agricultural weather stations are equipped with sensors closely related to agriculture, such as soil moisture sensors and photosynthetically active radiation sensors. Combined with conventional meteorological observation equipment, they obtain data by measuring the dielectric constant of the soil, etc. They are used for making decisions on farmland irrigation, evaluating the efficiency of photosynthesis, and giving early warnings of agricultural disasters.

In addition to conventional equipment, traffic weather stations focus on meteorological elements that affect traffic. Visibility meters measure visibility, and road surface condition sensors detect the condition of the road surface. They are applied in traffic fields such as highways, railways, and airports and provide crucial information for traffic management and the safety of aircraft takeoff and landing.

The above are the main weather monitoring devices. In addition to these, there are also portable weather stations, handheld weather stations and other devices for monitoring meteorology.